Tuesday, March 17, 2020

The United States versus United Nations

The United States versus United Nations stability in Kenya. After trying for all this long without a desirable result, America decided to send former secretary of state Condoleezza Rice again with Kofi Annan to go and lead the mediation once more between the Kenyan leaders. After the negation of these two leaders sent by America, there was a better change whereby Kenyan leaders come to an agreement. From that time America is still looking into the Kenyan Politics and is even trying to make sure that justice prevails even after the past post-elections crisis. Another aspect that we have seen America participate directly is its intervention in South Korea. South Korea has had a plan to make nuclear bombs and other weapons of mass destruction. America is against inhuman activities and other action that may cost human life. Therefore, it forced itself into this issue. America has made its best to advice South Korea against such dangerous weapons that may cost the world. There have been a great problem between south and North Korea, until now this problem still exists but its minor, therefore North Korea have been trying to come up with sophisticated weapons against south Korea. America has been sensitive about this and it is still keeping an eye on what is happening in North Korea. America is discouraging North Korea of this activity until now. There are many activities, which we have seen America involving in even without the aid of united nation Just to make sure that there is peace and stability among the nations. United States of America has participated greatly in the issues to do with human rights. When you recall the history in Iraq, you can understand what kind of a person Saddam Hussein was. Saddam Hussein was a dictator and a terrorist as well. Many people in Iraq were unsatisfied with his leadership. The United States of America was unpleased with the massive destruction of people under Husseins rule and fought towards his downfall. At last, America decided upon the hanging of Saddam. This was a decision by America in order to provide peace and stability in Iraq. Actually, in the United Nations America has played a big role to ensure that peace prevails in many places of the world. We have witnessed America sending out its army to solve problems in many nations. America participates both direct and indirectly to ensure there is stability and peace among the nations. Veto power Veto power is the ability of a certain country to reject legislation or other government measures. With this definition, we build understanding on what the United States of America is. In the United Nations, America some times makes actions without consulting or goes against this. One of these actions is the Hanging of Saddam. According to the Roman Catholic Saddam was not supposed to receive a death penalty because it is against humanity and God is the only Judge over life (Leyden, par 2). The United Nations had not come to an agreement of hanging Saddam. America on seeing the harm that Saddam had done would not agree with any other decision other than hanging Saddam. America went ahead to hung Saddam without prior approval from the United Nations. This shows how America exercised its veto power. There are some other things that America makes personal decisions over them. During the time of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) many Europeans nations, America included were using the nuclear bombs in the world war. Afterwards America was against the use of these bombs. Other nations doubted America, thinking America was flattering them. At last, America refused to sign some of the treaties and walked out of the organization. Americas action to stop the use of nuclear was not a decision of the NATO organization. This also provides a reason of America exercising its veto power. America at times may go against agreements of the United Nations or other organization in order to save a situation. The other reasons of America going against the discussed reached rules in the United Nations are to provide quick actions to some situations that look so demanding.

Sunday, March 1, 2020

Definition and Examples of Panegyric

Definition and Examples of Panegyric In rhetoric, panegyric is a speech or written composition that offers praise for an individual or an institution: an encomium or eulogy. Adjective: panegyrical. Contrast with invective. In classical rhetoric, the panegyric was recognized as a form of ceremonial discourse (epideictic rhetoric) and was commonly practiced as a rhetorical exercise. Etymology From the Greek, public assembly Examples and Observations Isocrates Panegyric at the Panhellenic FestivalNow the founders of our great festivals are justly praised for handing down to us a custom by which, having proclaimed a truce and resolved our pending quarrels, we come together in one place, where, as we make our prayers and sacrifices in common, we are reminded of the kinship which exists among us and are made to feel more kindly towards each other for the future, reviving our old friendships and establishing new ties. And neither to common men nor to those of superior gifts is the time so spent idle and profitless, but in the concourse of the Greeks the latter have the opportunity to display their prowess, the former to behold these contending against each other in the games; and no one lacks zest for the festival, but all find in it that which flatters their pride, the spectators when they see the athletes exert themselves for their benefit, the athletes when they reflect that all the world is come to gaze upon them.(Isocrates, Pane gyricus, 380 B.C.) Shakespearean PanegyricThis royal throne of kings, this scepterd isle,This earth of majesty, this seat of Mars,This other Eden, demi-paradise,This fortress built by Nature for herselfAgainst infection and the hand of war,This happy breed of men, this little world,This precious stone set in the silver sea,Which serves it in the office of a wall,Or as a moat defensive to a house,Against the envy of less happier lands,This blessed plot, this earth, this realm, this England . . ..(John of Gaunt in William Shakespeares King  Richard II,  Act 2, Scene 1)Elements of Classical PanegyricsIsocrates may have been the first to give a specific name to speeches given at such gatherings by naming his famous appeal for Hellenic unity Panegyrikos in 380 B.C.E. This was Isocrates most famous composition and may well have popularized the use of the term generically to refer to festival speeches . . ..[George A.] Kennedy lists what became the traditional elements in such speeches: A panegyric, the t echnical name for a festival speech, consists normally of praise for the god associated with the festival, praise of the city in which the festival is held, praise of the contest itself and of the crown awarded, and finally, praise of the king or officials in charge (1963, 167). However, an examination of panegyric speeches prior to Aristotles Rhetoric reveals an additional characteristic: early panegyrics contained an unmistakeable deliberative dimension. That is, they were openly political in orientation and aimed at encouraging the audience to follow a course of action.(Edward Schiappa, The Beginnings of Rhetorical Theory in Classical Greece. Yale Univ. Press, 1999) Amplification in Classical PanegyricsOver time, moral virtues came to be seen in Greco-Roman political philosophies as canonical, and panegyrics in both languages were regularly founded on a canon of four virtues, usually justice, courage, temperance and wisdom (Seager 1984; S. Braund 1998: 56-7). Aristotles main rhetorical recommendation is that the virtues be amplified, that is, expanded, by narrative (of actions and achievements) and comparisons (Rh. 1.9.38). The Rhetorica as Alexandrum is less philosophical and more practical in its advice; amplification remains the key ambition for the panegyrist, in an attempt to maximize the positive and minimize the negative content of the speech; and invention is urged, if need be (Rh. Al. 3). Thus from democratic and monarchic contexts, Greece left a substantial and varied endowment of panegyrical material, in prose and verse, serious and light-hearted, theoretical and applied.(Roger Rees, Panegyric. A Companion to Roman Rhetoric, ed. by Wi lliam J. Dominik and Jon Hall. Blackwell, 2007) Cicero on PanegyricsCauses are subdivided into two categories, one that aims at giving pleasure and a second that has as its goal the demonstration of a case. An example of the first type of cause is the panegyric, which is concerned with praise and blame. A panegyric does not establish doubtful propositions; rather it amplifies what is already known. Words should be chosen for their brilliance in a panegyric.(Cicero, De Partitione Oratoria, 46 B.C.)Fulsome PraiseThomas Blount defined panegyric in his Glossographia of 1656 as A licentious kind of speaking or oration, in the praise and commendation of Kings, or other great persons, wherein some falsities are joyned with many flatteries. And in fact panegyrists strove for a double goal, working to popularize imperial policy while hoping to restrain the abuses of power.(Shadi Bartsch, Panegyric. Encyclopedia of Rhetoric, ed. by Thomas O. Sloane. Oxford Univ. Press, 2001) Pronunciation: pan-eh-JIR-ek